The species composition of fish in the lakes of the Ili River delta (Balkhash basin)
Keywords:
Balkhash basin, ichthyofauna, species composition, body of water, biodiversity, aboriginal species, young fishes, rural bodies of waterAbstract
The study of the ichthyofauna of the bodies of water of Alizhan, Ardak, and Arkar in the Balkhash district of the Almaty region was conducted to assess the species composition, ecological characteristics, and commercial potential. The analysis was carried out using data from standard fish catches using nets of different mesh sizes, as well as ecological parameters of the water (depth, mineralization, oxygen content).The article provides a general description of the ichthyofauna of the bodies of water of Alizhan, Ardak and Arkar, and also presents the results of studies of the ichthyofauna of all three bodies of water. 13 species of fish were identified, representing 10 families, including commercial species (carp, snakehead, catfish, roach, asp, crucian carp) and the rare Balkhash perch, included in the Red Book of Kazakhstan.The Shannon (2.76–2.87) and Simpson (0.81–0.83) indices confirmed the high level of biodiversity. Commercial species demonstrate good biological indicators (fatness factor 2.00–3.21), and the concentration of juveniles reaches 0.063 specimens/m³.The findings highlight the importance of rational use of water resources, conservation of rare species and adaptive management of ecosystems to ensure sustainable biodiversity and fisheries productivity.
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